Within the past year, the achondroplasia locus has been mapped to 4p 16.3 (refs 5-7) and mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene have been identified in patients with the disorder.
When grouped according to the "International Skeletal Dysplasia Society 2010 classification" the most frequent group is "FGFR3 group" (achondroplasia).
We present a patient with ACH resistant to multiple therapies, including the biologic adalimumab, who was successfully treated with an IL-17 inhibitor (ixekizumab).
We now report the linkage for the Ellis-van Creveld syndrome gene to markers on the distal short arm of human chromosome 4, with Zmax = 6.91 at theta = 0.02 for marker HOX7, in a region proximal to the FGFR3 gene responsible for the achondroplasia phenotype.
We now report the linkage for the Ellis-van Creveld syndrome gene to markers on the distal short arm of human chromosome 4, with Zmax = 6.91 at theta = 0.02 for marker HOX7, in a region proximal to the FGFR3 gene responsible for the achondroplasia phenotype.
We now report the linkage for the Ellis-van Creveld syndrome gene to markers on the distal short arm of human chromosome 4, with Zmax = 6.91 at theta = 0.02 for marker HOX7, in a region proximal to the FGFR3 gene responsible for the achondroplasia phenotype.
We have shown that targeted overexpression of CNP in cartilage or systemic administration of CNP reverses the impaired skeletal growth of mice model of achondroplasia, the most common form of human skeletal dysplasias.
We have now tested this approach for the detection of a fetal point mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene that causes achondroplasia.
We developed a quantitative fluorescent-polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) method suitable for detection of the FGFR3 mutation (G1138A) causing achondroplasia.
We describe a Klinefelter patient (non-mosaic 47,XXY karyotype) who was heterozygous for the classical 1138G>A mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene, which is a gain-of-function mutation resulting in achondroplasia.
Using sperm DNA from donors of different ages, we determined the frequency of the nucleotide substitution in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene that causes achondroplasia.
Using our established techniques for single-cell ratiometric real-time calcium image analysis, we defined the nature of the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced calcium signal in human diploid fibroblasts, and, in blinded studies, have analyzed the bFGF-induced signals from 18 independent fibroblast cell lines, including multiple lines from patients with known mutant alleles of FGFR3 and syndromes of Ach or TD.
Using our established techniques for single-cell ratiometric real-time calcium image analysis, we defined the nature of the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced calcium signal in human diploid fibroblasts, and, in blinded studies, have analyzed the bFGF-induced signals from 18 independent fibroblast cell lines, including multiple lines from patients with known mutant alleles of FGFR3 and syndromes of Ach or TD.
Two lines of evidence speak against mutation in COL2A1 as the cause of achondroplasia: (1) no gross rearrangements are seen on Southern blot analysis of DNA from probands, and (2) linkage studies in multiplex families demonstrate discordant inheritance of achondroplasia and COL2A1 alleles.
To determine whether the fetus carries the de novo mis-sense genetic mutation at nucleotide 1138 in FGFR3 gene involved in >99% of achondroplasia cases, we developed two independent methods: digital-droplet PCR combined with minisequencing, which are very sensitive methods allowing detection of rare alleles.
Thus, it appears that recurrent mutations of a single amino acid in the transmembrane domain of the FGFR3 protein account for all cases (23/23) of achondroplasia in our series.
Thus it appears that recurrent mutations of a single amino acid in the transmembrane domain of the FGFR3 protein account for all cases (23/23) of achondroplasia in our series.